Introduction to Share Market: A Complete Beginner's Guide (2026 Jtech Edition)

What Is the Share Market?

A share represents a small unit of ownership in a company. When you buy a share, you become a part-owner of that business — and if the company grows and performs well, the value of your share can rise, along with the possibility of earning dividends.

शेयर भनेको कम्पनीमा स्वामित्वको एक सानो इकाई हो। तपाईंले शेयर किन्नुभयो भने, तपाईं त्यो व्यवसायको आंशिक मालिक बन्नुहुन्छ — र कम्पनी बढ्दै र राम्रो प्रदर्शन गर्दै गएमा, तपाईंको शेयरको मूल्य बढ्न सक्छ, साथै लाभांश पाउने सम्भावना पनि हुन्छ।

Companies issue shares mainly to raise capital for growth, while investors buy shares for capital gains, dividend income, and long-term ownership in businesses they believe in.

कम्पनीहरूले मुख्यतया वृद्धिका लागि पूँजी जुटाउन शेयर जारी गर्छन्, जबकि लगानीकर्ताले आफूले विश्वास गरेको व्यवसायमा पूँजीगत लाभ, लाभांश आम्दानी, र दीर्घकालीन स्वामित्वका लागि शेयर किन्छन्।

A Short History of Nepal's Share Market

1964

Nepal Bank Limited issued shares to the public, marking the beginning of formal share ownership.

नेपाल बैंक लिमिटेडले सर्वसाधारणलाई शेयर जारी गर्‍यो।

1976

The Securities Exchange Centre was established.

धितोपत्र विनिमय केन्द्र स्थापना भयो।

1993

The Securities Exchange Centre transitioned into the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE).

नेपाल स्टक एक्सचेन्ज (नेप्से) बन्यो।

2018

NEPSE introduced the online Trading Management System (TMS), enabling smartphone trading nationwide.

नेप्सेले अनलाइन ट्रेडिङ म्यानेजमेन्ट सिस्टम (टिएमएस) सुरु गर्‍यो।

NEPSE vs. SEBON: Who Does What?

Two institutions form the backbone of Nepal's regulated market.

नेपालको नियमित बजारको मेरुदण्ड दुई संस्थाले बनाउँछन्।

NEPSE

Operates the exchange where shares are actually traded.

नेप्सेले शेयर साँच्चै कारोबार हुने एक्सचेन्ज सञ्चालन गर्छ।

SEBON

The regulatory authority that oversees NEPSE, brokers, and mutual funds to keep the market fair and lawful.

सेबोन नियामक निकाय हो, जसले बजार निष्पक्ष र कानुनसम्मत रहोस् भनी सुपरिवेक्षण गर्छ।

Primary Market vs. Secondary Market

Market Type	English Explanation	Nepali Explanation (नेपाली)
Primary Market	A company raises fresh money directly from investors through an IPO, FPO, or Right Share.	कम्पनीले आईपीओ, एफपीओ, वा हकप्रद शेयरमार्फत लगानीकर्ताबाट सिधै नयाँ पूँजी जुटाउँछ।
Secondary Market	Where NEPSE's daily trading happens. Investors buy and sell shares among themselves; the company is no longer involved.	जहाँ नेप्सेको दैनिक कारोबार हुन्छ — लगानीकर्ताहरूले आपसमा शेयर किनबेच गर्छन्, र कम्पनी स्वयं संलग्न हुँदैन।

Five Things You Need Before You Invest

Before placing your first trade, ensure you have the following setup:

आफ्नो पहिलो कारोबार गर्नुअघि तपाईंलाई निम्न कुराहरू चाहिन्छ:

Bank Account

Where your money sits

बैंक खाता

Demat Account

Electronic share storage

डिम्याट खाता

Mero Share

CDSC platform for IPOs

मेरो शेयर

CRN Number

Unique ID to block funds

सीआरएन नम्बर

Broker (TMS)

Executes your trades

ब्रोकर

Don't Forget the Real Costs

Every trade incurs specific regulatory and broker fees. Additionally, profits are subject to capital gain tax.

हरेक कारोबारमा सेबोन शुल्क र डीपी शुल्क लाग्छ, र नाफामा पूँजीगत लाभकर लाग्छ। यदि तपाईंले फरक-फरक मूल्यमा धेरैपटक शेयर किन्नुभएको छ भने, WACC (भारित औसत पूँजी लागत) ले तपाईंलाई आफ्नो वास्तविक औसत प्रति-शेयर लागत निकाल्न मद्दत गर्छ।

Fee / Tax Type	Rate / Amount
SEBON Fee	0.015% of transaction value
DP Charge	~NPR 25 per transaction
Capital Gain Tax (Short-Term < 1 Yr)	10% (Individual)
Capital Gain Tax (Long-Term > 1 Yr)	7.5% (Individual)

Note: Tax rates may vary slightly based on current fiscal year budgets and institutional holdings.

The Mindset That Matters Most

Avoid These Common Mistakes

Emotional Trading: Making decisions based on fear or greed.
Rumor Mill: Buying based on tips instead of deep research.
Overconfidence: Taking reckless risks after a few early wins.
Revenge Trading: Chasing the market to recover a loss immediately.

Avoiding FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) and sticking to your own research, rather than following the crowd, is one of the biggest predictors of long-term success.

केवल बजार ज्ञानले मात्र पुग्दैन — अनुशासन पनि उत्तिकै महत्त्वपूर्ण छ। FOMO (छुट्ने डर) बाट बचेर भीडलाई पछ्याउनुको सट्टा आफ्नै अनुसन्धानमा अडिग रहनु दीर्घकालीन सफलताको सबैभन्दा ठूलो संकेतमध्ये एक हो।

What's Next?

This is just Day 1 of the Jtech Share Market Training Series, built around our Learn → Earn → Save → Invest → Retire framework. In Day 2, we'll dive into Understanding Bull and Bear Markets.

Watch Full Video on YouTube

यो त जेटेक शेयर बजार तालिम शृंखलाको Day 1 मात्र हो। Day 2 मा, हामी Bull र Bear Market बुझ्नेछौं। हाम्रो YouTube च्यानलमा पूरा भिडियो हेर्नुहोस्!

Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute financial or investment advice. Investing in the share market involves risk. Please do your own research or consult a licensed financial advisor before making investment decisions.
अस्वीकरण: यो सामग्री शैक्षिक उद्देश्यका लागि मात्र हो र यसलाई वित्तीय वा लगानी सल्लाहको रूपमा लिनु हुँदैन।

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

The share market in Nepal, regulated by SEBON and operated by NEPSE, is a platform where investors buy and sell ownership units (shares) of public companies to earn capital gains and dividends.

नेपालको शेयर बजार सेबोनद्वारा नियमিত र नेप्सेद्वारा सञ्चालित एक प्लेटफर्म हो जहाँ लगानीकर्ताहरूले कम्पनीहरूको शेयर किनबेच गर्छन्।

You need a bank account, a Demat account, a Mero Share registration, a CRN number, and a registered broker with TMS access to start trading in the secondary market.

Every trade includes a SEBON fee (0.015%), a DP charge (approx. NPR 25), and capital gains tax (10% for short-term holdings under 1 year, and 7.5% for long-term holdings for individuals).

JB G C

Senior Technical Blogger & Market Analyst at Jtech

Passionate about financial literacy and empowering Nepalese investors through the Jtech Share Market Training Series.

JB G C — Jtech